Canada has a unique immigration system where federal and provincial governments share responsibility. This is especially relevant for Quebec, which has its own immigration selection system.
How It Works
- Federal government (IRCC) sets overall immigration levels, manages visa processing, and handles citizenship
- Quebec selects its own economic immigrants through the Ministère de l'Immigration
- Other provinces participate through Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs)
Why This Matters for the Citizenship Test
The citizenship test includes questions about how Canadians govern themselves — including federal-provincial responsibilities. Understanding the division of powers is essential.
Key Facts for the Test
- Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories
- Healthcare, education, and natural resources are provincial responsibilities
- Immigration, defence, and criminal law are federal responsibilities
- Quebec has special powers over language and immigration under the Canada-Quebec Accord
Study these topics in depth with our Government chapter and test your knowledge with a practice quiz.